Code For Line Follower Robot Using Arduino – A line follower robot is a very simple robot that follows a black line or a white line. These robots are very simple to build and are often the first choice for robotics beginners. Basically, there are two types of line follower robots: one is a black line follower that follows a black line and the other is a white line follower that follows a white line. A line follower actually feels and follows the line. The idea may seem simple, but with some development, such robots are used in many applications, such as factory floor management robots or warehouse robots. We also built an Arduino UNO line follower robot, you can watch the demo video shown below:
The concept of line follower work is related to light. Here we will use light movements on the black and white surface. When light falls on a white surface, it is almost completely reflected, and on a black surface, the light is completely absorbed. This type of beam movement is used to create dynamic robots.
Code For Line Follower Robot Using Arduino
In this Arduino-based line-follower robot, we use an IR emitter and an IR receiver, also known as a photodiode. They are used to send and receive light. IR emits infrared light. When infrared light hits a white surface, it is reflected back and captured by a photodiode, causing some voltage changes. When IR light falls on a black surface, the light is absorbed by the black surface and not reflected, so the photo diode receives no light or light. In this Arduino line follower robot, the sensor will take 1 as Arduino input when it detects white surface and 0 as Arduino input 0 when it detects black line.
Line Follower Robot V4
Since the Line Follower Robot is an interesting new design, we have built it using various development boards other than Arduino, if you are interested, you can check them out by following the link
The whole Arduino line follower robot can be divided into 3 parts: the sensor part, the control part and the drive part.
This section contains IR diode, potentiometer, comparator (Op-Amp) and LED. A potentiometer is used to set the reference voltage at one terminal of the comparator and an IR sensor is used to sense the line and change the voltage at the second terminal of the comparator. A comparator then compares the two voltages to produce a digital output signal. In this line tracking circuit, we used two contrasts for two sensors. LM 358 is used as a comparator. The LM358 creates two low-noise op-amps.
Arduino Pro Mini is used to control the whole process of the line follower robot. The results of the comparisons are connected to digital pins 2 and 3 of the Arduino. The Arduino reads these signals and sends a command to the driver circuit.
Infrared Sensor 5 Way Ir Tracking Module Line Follower Robot Arduino
The drive section consists of a motor driver and two DC motors. A motor driver is used to drive the motor because the Arduino does not provide enough current and power to the motor. So we add a motor driver circuit to get enough voltage and current to the motor. The Arduino sends commands to this motor driver, which then drives the motor.
Making a line following robot with Arduino is fun. The line follower robot senses the black line with the sensor and then sends the signal to the Arduino. The Arduino then drives the motor based on the sensor output.
In this project we are using two IR sensor modules, left sensor and right sensor. When the left and right sensors sense white, the robot moves forward.
If the right sensor senses a black line, then the robot turns right until both sensors are on the white surface. When the white face appears, the robot starts moving forward again.
Line Follower And Obstacle Avoiding Robot Using Arduino, Ir Sensor And Ultrasonic Sensor
The figure above shows the complete circuit diagram of the arduino line follower robot. You can see that the output of the viewer is connected directly to Arduino digital pins 2 and 3. Another motor is connected to the output box of motor drivers 3 and 6, and another motor is connected to numbers 11 and 14.
In the program we first define the input and output boxes, then in a loop we check the input and send the output based on the input to the output box of the drive motor. We used an “if” statement to check the input box. The full line follower bot code can be found at the bottom of this page.
This line contains the following four conditions for the robot we read about using Arduino. We used two sensors, a left sensor and a right sensor.
In our project, we have controlled the whole process using ARDUINO microcontroller. Arduino is an open source hardware that is very useful for project development. There are many arduino like arduino UNO, arduino mega, arduino pro mini, Lilypad etc. Here we used arduino pro mini because it is small. To burn the arduino code of the line follower robot, we used the FTDI flasher.
Best Open Source Line Follower Robot Projects
The L293D is a motor driver IC that has two modes of driving two motors. The L293D has two pairs of Darlington transistors for current amplification and a separate power supply box for powering the external motor.
The IR module is a sensor circuit consisting of a pair of IR LEDs/photodiodes, a potentiometer, an LM358, a resistor, and an LED. An IR sensor emits infrared light and a photodiode receives infrared light.
I added a voltage regulator to get 5 volts for the Arduino, comparator and motor. And a 9 volt battery is used for the circuit.
It can be soldered to a PCB and mounted on a terminal block or crimped to a connector terminal: I am Arav Garg. I am 16 years old. I have interest and passion for robotics and programming. I’m the founder of Tech Nuttiez, a startup dedicated to educating young people in technology around the world! I now p… More about Aarav G »
Line Follower Robot · Github Topics · Github
In this tutorial, I’ll teach you how to build a line-following robot using an Arduino, a very common microcontroller board. The robot uses two infrared proximity sensors to detect the lines and based on the input from the sensors, the Arduino drives the motor to move with the help of the motor shield.
Therefore, infrared sensors are installed on both sides of the front of the robot. There are four sensor outputs:-
Case 1:- In this case, both the sensors do not detect the line. Both engines rotate forward. As a result, the car moves forward.
Case 2:- In this case, only the left sensor can detect the lane, which means the vehicle has to turn left. The left motor rotates backward and the right motor rotates forward. As a result, the car turned to the left.
Making Of A Simple Line Follower Robot With Arduino
Case 3:- In this case, only the right sensor can detect the lane, which means the car must turn in the right direction. The left motor rotates forward and the right motor rotates backward. As a result, the car turned to the right.
Case 4:- In this case, both sensors can detect the line. That means it’s coming to an end. Both motors stop rotating. As a result, the vehicle stalled.
Now, assemble your robot body. Everyone can have a different background. So mount your chassis accordingly. Most foundations come with an instruction manual, mine even came with one, take a look and make your foundation accordingly. Then, connect the components to the chassis. The Arduino, which has a motor shield attached, as well as a battery holder needs to be fixed in place on the chassis.
Also, aim the proximity sensor at the front, either side. Make sure they are attached to the corners…connect the switch as well…swap the welding wire on the motor as well as the switch and you’re good to go…
Buy Fline Arduino Line Follower Robot Development Kit (disassembled)
Connect the motor to the motor shield and connect the motor shield to the Arduino board. Connect the battery to the shield through the switch. On that link, let’s move on to the next step… Hello and welcome. In this tutorial we will learn how to build a line following robot using Arduino. Also, this project mainly uses a 4-way line tracking sensor module. In our previous article, we covered how to build a line following robot. For this click on this link. Also, this tutorial is presented step by step and by the end of this tutorial you will be able to build your own line follower robot.
This module includes four IR sensors. These can be connected to the main module via special jumper cables. Also, we can control the sensitivity of these four sensors separately. For this you can use the four potentiometers in this module. Mainly we can distinguish black and white and obstacles with this sensor module. It is used in this tutorial to distinguish between black and white. Also, this
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